PSYC 460 - Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System (Chap 2)

neuron
     sensory neuron
     motor neuron
     interneuron
glial cells - see below

central nervous system (CNS) vs. peripheral nervous system (PNS)

cell theory
     reticular theory - Golgi
     neuron doctrine - Ramon y Cajal

stains
     cell body stains - e.g., nissl stain
     myelin stains
     cell membrane stains - e.g., Golgi stain

white matter vs. gray matter

types of neurons
     unipolar
     bipolar
     multipolar

parts of a neuron - multipolar
     cell membrane - lipid bilayer
     cell body or soma or perikaryon
          organelles
               nucleus - DNA
               mitochondria - ATP
               ribosomes - involved in protein synthesis (e.g., enzymes)
               microtubules - axoplasmic transport
                    anterograde transport
                    retrograde transport
     two kinds of "fibers" or "processes"
          dendrites - some are "spiny"
          axon - one per cell
               axon hillock, initial segment
               myelin sheath - oligodendrocytes, nodes of Ranvier
     terminal buttons - synapses

glial cells
     oligodendrocytes - myelin sheath
     astrocytes - supply nutrients from capillaries to soma & dendrites
     microglia - phagocytosis, inflammatory reaction
     etc.

blood-brain barrier